Search results for " Observational Studies as Topic"

showing 9 items of 9 documents

A clinical review on megalencephaly: A large brain as a possible sign of cerebral impairment

2017

Megalencephaly and macrocephaly present with a head circumference measurement 2 standard deviations above the age-related mean. However, even if pathologic events resulting in both megalencephaly and macrocephaly may coexist, a distinction between these two entities is appropriate, as they represent clinical expression of different disorders with a different approach in clinical work-up, overall prognosis, and treatment. Megalencephaly defines an increased growth of cerebral structures related to dysfunctional anomalies during the various steps of brain development in the neuronal proliferation and/or migration phases or as a consequence of postnatal abnormal events. The disorders associate…

0301 basic medicineBrain development030105 genetics & hereditymacrocephalybrain dysfunction large head macrocephaly megalencephaly metabolic disorders03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicinemegalencephalymetabolic disordersHumansMegalencephaly10. No inequalitybrain dysfunctionbusiness.industryMedicine (all)Macrocephalybrain dysfunction; large head; macrocephaly; megalencephaly; metabolic disorders; Humans; Observational Studies as Topic; Megalencephaly; Medicine (all)General Medicinemedicine.diseaseHead circumferenceObservational Studies as Topiclarge headMeasurement 2medicine.symptombusinessNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Fruit and vegetable consumption and health outcomes: an umbrella review of observational studies

2019

The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive evaluation of current evidence on fruit and vegetable consumption and health outcomes. A systematic search for quantitative syntheses was performed. Several criteria, including study design, dose-response relationship, heterogeneity and agreement of results over time, and identification of potential confounding factors, were used to assess the level of evidence. The strongest (probable) evidence was found for cardiovascular disease protection; possible evidence for decreased risk of colon cancer, depression and pancreatic diseases was found for fruit intake; and colon and rectal cancer, hip fracture, stroke, depression and pancreatic dise…

0301 basic medicineDatabases FactualColorectal cancerHealth BehaviorDiseasemeta-analysiCOLORECTAL-CANCER0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsVegetablesMedicinevegetableSettore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche ApplicateDepression (differential diagnoses)Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicMOLECULAR-MECHANISMSDepressionCOLON-CANCERConfoundingcohort study; evidence; Fruit; meta-analysis; umbrella review; vegetable; Food Sciencecohort study; evidence; Fruit; meta-analysis; umbrella review; vegetable; Cardiovascular Diseases; Colonic Neoplasms; Databases Factual; Depression; Diet Healthy; Health Behavior; Humans; Observational Studies as Topic; Pancreatic Diseases; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk Factors; Fruit; VegetablesObservational Studies as TopicCardiovascular DiseasesMeta-analysisColonic NeoplasmsDiet HealthyCohort studyCANCER-RISKBLADDER-CANCER030209 endocrinology & metabolismDIETARY POLYPHENOLSDatabases03 medical and health sciencesLUNG-CANCEREnvironmental healthcohort studyHumansCORONARY-HEART-DISEASEFactualHealthy030109 nutrition & dieteticsumbrella reviewbusiness.industryevidencePancreatic DiseasesEvidence-based medicinemedicine.diseaseDietmeta-analysisFruitObservational studyDOSE-RESPONSE METAANALYSISbusinessGASTRIC-CANCERFood Science
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Hyperuricemia and Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes: The Experience of the URRAH (Uric Acid Right for Heart Health) Project

2020

The latest European Guidelines of Arterial Hypertension have officially introduced uric acid evaluation among the cardiovascular risk factors that should be evaluated in order to stratify patient's risk. In fact, it has been extensively evaluated and demonstrated to be an independent predictor not only of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, but also of myocardial infraction, stroke and heart failure. Despite the large number of studies on this topic, an important open question that still need to be answered is the identification of a cardiovascular uric acid cut-off value. The actual hyperuricemia cut-off (> 6 mg/dL in women and 7 mg/dL in men) is principally based on the saturation …

0301 basic medicineMaleTime FactorsDiseaseUric acid.chemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsUric Acid Cardiovascular events epidemiologyEpidemiologyMulticenter Studies as TopicHyperuricemiaStrokeCardiovascular events; Cardiovascular mortality; Uric acid; URRAHMiddle AgedPrognosisObservational Studies as TopicItalyCardiovascular DiseasesResearch DesignFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyCardiovascular mortalityUric acid · Cardiovascular mortality · Cardiovascular events · URRAHContext (language use)Cardiovascular eventHyperuricemiaRisk AssessmentCardiovascular events03 medical and health sciencesURRAHcardiovascular events; cardiovascular mortality; urrah; uric acidPharmacotherapyInternal medicineInternal MedicinemedicineHumansAgedRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industrymedicine.disease030104 developmental biologychemistryHeart failureUric acidbusinessUric acid030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCardiovascular events; Cardiovascular mortality; Uric acid; URRAH; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Female; Humans; Hyperuricemia; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Observational Studies as Topic; Prognosis; Research Design; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Uric AcidBiomarkers
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Cost-effectiveness of buffered soluble alendronate 70 mg effervescent tablet for the treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis in Italy

2021

Summary The use of buffered soluble alendronate 70 mg effervescent tablet, a convenient dosing regimen for bisphosphonate therapy, seems a cost-effective strategy compared with relevant alternative treatments for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis aged 60 years and over in Italy. Introduction To assess the cost-effectiveness of buffered soluble alendronate (ALN) 70 mg effervescent tablet compared with relevant alternative treatments for postmenopausal osteoporotic women in Italy. Methods A previously validated Markov microsimulation model was adjusted to the Italian healthcare setting to estimate the lifetime costs (expressed in €2019) per quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) of buffered …

0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyeconomic evaluationCost effectivenessCost-Benefit AnalysisEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentOsteoporosisUrology030209 endocrinology & metabolismAlendronate . Buffered soluble alendronate . Cost-effectiveness . Economic evaluation . Effervescent tablets . Osteoporosis . TreatmentAlendronate; Buffered soluble alendronate; Cost-effectiveness; Economic evaluation; Effervescent tablets; Osteoporosis; Treatment; Aged; Alendronate; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Female; Humans; Italy; Middle Aged; Observational Studies as Topic; Postmenopause; Quality-Adjusted Life Years; Tablets; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis Postmenopausal03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumansEffervescent tabletOsteoporosis PostmenopausalAgedBone mineralPostmenopausal womenBone Density Conservation AgentstreatmentAlendronatebusiness.industrybuffered soluble alendronateMiddle AgedBisphosphonatemedicine.diseaseosteoporosisPostmenopauseObservational Studies as TopicDenosumabZoledronic acidItalyeffervescent tabletsPostmenopausalFemaleOriginal ArticleCost-effectivenessQuality-Adjusted Life Years030101 anatomy & morphologybusinessTabletsmedicine.drugOsteoporosis International
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Altered Food Behavior and Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2022

There is evidence of an association between cancer and certain types of altered eating behaviors, including orthorexia, food cravings, and food addiction. Given the growing interest in the topic throughout the scientific community we conducted a systematic review to summarize current evidence on the development of altered food behavior, including food addiction and cancer. The Cochrane Collaboration and the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines were followed to perform this systematic review. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was used to report the process and results. The structured literature search was co…

AdultPubMedHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesisfood addictioncompulsive eatingSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale e ApplicataPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthcancer cancer survivors compulsive eating food addiction food behavior food craving orthorexia nervosa systematic reviewFeeding BehaviorObservational Studies as Topicorthorexia nervosasystematic reviewNeoplasmscancerHumanscancer survivorsfood cravingfood behaviorNeoplasms/epidemiologycancer; cancer survivors; compulsive eating; food addiction; food behavior; food craving; orthorexia nervosa; systematic review; Adult; Humans; Observational Studies as Topic; PubMed; Feeding Behavior; Neoplasms
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What Is the Role of Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery in High-Risk Patients? A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

2016

Background. Minimally invasive valve surgery is related to certain better postoperative outcomes. We aimed to assess the role of minimally invasive mitral valve surgery in high-risk patients. Methods. A systematic literature review identified eight studies of which seven fulfilled criteria for metaanalysis. Outcomes for a total of 1,254 patients (731 were conventional standard sternotomy and 523 were minimally invasive mitral valve surgery) were submitted to meta-analysis using random effects modeling. Heterogeneity and subgroup analysis with quality scoring were assessed. The primary end point was early mortality. Secondary end points were intraoperative and postoperative outcomes and long…

Heart Valve Diseases030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyGlobal HealthWMD weighted mean differencelaw.inventionPostoperative Complications0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorslawMitral valveCPB cardiopulmonary bypaStrokeHeart Valve Prosthesis ImplantationMedicine (all)Abbreviations and Acronyms AF atrial fibrillation; CI confidence interval; CPB cardiopulmonary bypass; MIMVS minimally invasive mitral valve surgery; OR odds ratio; PRC packed red cells; ST sternotomy; WMD weighted mean difference; Global Health; Heart Valve Diseases; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; Humans; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Mitral Valve; Postoperative Complications; Risk Factors; Survival Rate; Observational Studies as Topic; Risk Assessment; Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; Surgery; Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine; Medicine (all)Atrial fibrillationSurvival RateHeart Valve DiseaseObservational Studies as Topicmedicine.anatomical_structureCardiologyMitral ValveCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineHumanPulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyAbbreviations and Acronyms AF atrial fibrillationSubgroup analysisRisk Assessment03 medical and health sciencesST sternotomyInternal medicinePRC packed red cellmedicineCardiopulmonary bypassHumansMinimally Invasive Surgical ProceduresSurvival ratebusiness.industryCI confidence intervalRisk FactorMinimally Invasive Surgical ProcedureOdds ratioOR odds ratiomedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalSurgeryMIMVS minimally invasive mitral valve surgery030228 respiratory systemSurgeryPostoperative ComplicationbusinessThe Annals of Thoracic Surgery
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Use of oral anticoagulant drugs in older patients with atrial fibrillation in internal medicine wards

2018

no abstract available

MaleAdministration Oral030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBody Mass IndexOral anticoagulant drug0302 clinical medicineElderlyDrug PrescriptionOlder patientsRetrospective Studie80 and overMedicine030212 general & internal medicineStrokeRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAged 80 and overAtrial fibrillation; Elderly; Oral anticoagulant drugs; Prescription rate; Internal MedicineAtrial fibrillationStrokeObservational Studies as TopicAtrial fibrillation Elderly Oral anticoagulant drugs Prescription rate Internal MedicineAdministrationOral anticoagulantFemaleHumanOralmedicine.medical_specialtyOral anticoagulant drugsSocio-culturaleDrug Prescriptions03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineInternal MedicineHumansPrescription rateAgedRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industrySettore MED/09 - MEDICINA INTERNAAnticoagulantAnticoagulantsRetrospective cohort studymedicine.diseaseAtrial fibrillationAtrial fibrillation; Elderly; Oral anticoagulant drugs; Prescription rate; Administration Oral; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Anticoagulants; Atrial Fibrillation; Body Mass Index; Drug Prescriptions; Female; Humans; Internal Medicine; Male; Observational Studies as Topic; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Retrospective Studies; Stroke; Internal MedicineObservational Studies as TopicbusinessBody mass indexAtrial fibrillation Elderly Oral anticoagulant drugs Prescription rate
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Influenza vaccination reduces dementia risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021

Animal models have indicated that influenza vaccination may prevent or delay the onset of dementia. However, the epidemiological evidence in human beings is still limited. Given this background, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the current state of the art of observational studies investigating the association between influenza vaccination and the risk of dementia. We searched Scopus and Pubmed/Medline until 24 September 2021 for studies investigating the risk of dementia by influenza vaccination status. After adjustment for potentially important confounding variables, data were reported as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Among 273 articles …

MaleAgingmedicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsLower riskPrevention of dementiaBiochemistryEpidemiologyInfluenza Human80 and overmedicineDementiaHumansMolecular BiologyAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryConfoundingVaccinationmedicine.diseaseInfluenzaVaccinationMeta-analysisObservational Studies as TopicNeurologyMeta-analysisRelative riskSystematic reviewInfluenza Vaccination Dementia Systematic review Meta-analysisDementiaFemalebusinessDementia; Influenza; Meta-analysis; Systematic review; Vaccination; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Female; Humans; Male; Observational Studies as Topic; Vaccination; Dementia; Influenza HumanHumanBiotechnology
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Tea Consumption and Risk of Cancer

2020

Tea is one of the most widely consumed beverages, but its association with cancer risk remains controversial and unclear. We performed an umbrella review to clarify and determine the associations between tea consumption and various types of cancer by summarizing and recalculating the existing meta-analyses. Meta-analyses of observational studies reporting associations between tea consumption and cancer risk were searched on PubMed and Embase. Associations found to be statistically significant were further classified into levels of evidence (convincing, suggestive, or weak), based on P value, between-study heterogeneity, prediction intervals, and small study effects. Sixty-four observational…

Oncologymedicine.medical_specialtyteaMedicine (miscellaneous)Review03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBreast cancerInternal medicinemedicinecancer030212 general & internal medicineLung cancerProspective cohort studyThyroid cancercancer meta-analysis oral cancer tea umbrella reviewNutrition and Dieteticsumbrella reviewbusiness.industrymeta-analysis oral cancer umbrella review Feeding Behavior Humans Incidence Observational Studies as Topic Prospective Studies Risk Factors Neoplasms TeaCanceroral cancermedicine.diseasemeta-analysis030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMeta-analysisOvarian cancerLiver cancerbusinessFood ScienceAdvances in Nutrition
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